Kubernetes on AWS

Context

The purpose of this page is to describe how to create the necessary infrastructure to deploy Vectice on a Kubernetes cluster in AWS, followed by instructions to deploy the Vectice software

1. Understanding prerequisites

Infrastructure requirements

#	Requirement	Notes or Details
Note: Within the same VPC
1	Security Groups	Port 443 (HTTPS) 3128 Outbound (pip install) SMTP Port (e.g 2525)
2	Kubernetes Cluster	v1.16+ deployed 2 nodes with t3.xlarge
3	S3 Bucket	In the same region
4	Managed PostgreSQL	13.x RDS instance

Other requirements

#	Requirement	Notes or Details
5	Domain Name	Example: https://vectice.my-company.com
6	SSL Certificate	Must be associated with the domain name above Self-signed certificates are not recommended
Deployment environment with the following tools:
7	Helm v3	Installation Guide
8	Kubectl	Installation Guide
9	AWS CLI	Installation Guide
10	Eksctl	Installation Guide
11	Openssl	Installation Guide

2. How to provision the infrastructure

You have two ways to create the infrastructure necessary for running Vectice.

Provisioning via Terraform (with Terragrunt Wrapper)

• Expected Time: 40 minutes

• Steps:

  • Complete instructions, including the Terraform script, are found in the package your Vectice account team provided you. Contact [e-mail] if you require assistance.

Provisioning via AWS console

• Expected Time: 2 hours

• Steps:

  • Create a VPC, or reuse an existing one

  • PostgreSQL Instance creation, see Appendix 1: Creating the SQL Instance
  • IAM roles and Bucket creation, see Appendix 2: Creating the S3 Bucket
  • Kubernetes cluster creation, see Appendix 3: Cluster Creation
  • Tag the VPC subnets for the Load Balancer, see AWS Guide

3. How to deploy the Vectice application

The provisioning of Vectice on Kubernetes will happen in 6 steps:

• Step 1: Connect to the cluster and create the Vectice namespace
• Step 2: Install the AWS Application Load Balancer (ALB)
• Step 3: Create PostgreSQL databases
• Step 4: Install the Cert Manager
• Step 5: Create secrets for Ingress and Docker image retriever
• Step 6: Install the Vectice stack

For any questions or assistance with deployment, please reach out to [e-mail]

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Step 1: Connect to the cluster and create the Vectice namespace

First, define the variables for the next steps and retrieve connections from your deployment machine. Below, sample values are provided between brackets:

CONTEXT=<arn:aws:eks:us-west-1:023286044634:cluster/vectice-cluster>
REGION=<us-west-1>
CLUSTER_NAME=<vectice-cluster>
ID_ACCOUNT=<0232860634>
VPC_ID=<vpc-z4564rfgre46>
aws eks --region $REGION update-kubeconfig --name $CLUSTER_NAME

The expected output should look like this:

Updated context arn:aws:eks:us-west-1:0232860634:cluster/vectice-cluster in /home/wsl/.kube/config

Next, test the connection:

kubectl --context $CONTEXT get namespaces

The expected output should look like this:

NAME              STATUS   AGE
default           Active   3h54m
kube-node-lease   Active   3h54m
kube-public       Active   3h54m
kube-system       Active   3h54m

Finally, create the Vectice namespace where applications will be deployed:

kubectl --context $CONTEXT create namespace vectice

Step 2: Install the AWS Application Load Balancer (ALB)

For further reference please see the AWS Guide to Installing the Load Balancer Controller

First, download the ALB policy:

curl -o iam_policy.json https://raw.githubusercontent.com/kubernetes-sigs/aws-load-balancer-controller/v2.11.0/docs/install/iam_policy.json

Then, create the ALB policy:

aws iam create-policy \
--policy-name AWSLoadBalancerControllerIAMPolicy \
--policy-document file://iam_policy.json

Next, associate the OIDC provider to the cluster:

eksctl utils associate-iam-oidc-provider --region=$REGION --cluster=$CLUSTER_NAME --approve

If a Service account already exists, update it accordingly:

eksctl update iamserviceaccount \
--cluster=$CLUSTER_NAME \
--namespace=kube-system \
--name=aws-load-balancer-controller \
--region=$REGION \
--attach-policy-arn=arn:aws:iam::$ID_ACCOUNT:policy/AWSLoadBalancerControllerIAMPolicy \
--approve

Otherwise, create a Service account associated with the Load Balancer Policy:

eksctl create iamserviceaccount \
--cluster=$CLUSTER_NAME  \
--namespace=kube-system \
--name=aws-load-balancer-controller \
--region=$REGION \
--attach-policy-arn=arn:aws:iam::$ID_ACCOUNT:policy/AWSLoadBalancerControllerIAMPolicy \
--override-existing-serviceaccounts \
--approve

Check if the Service account was really created:

kubectl --context $CONTEXT -n kube-system get serviceaccount | grep aws

The expected output should look like this:

aws-cloud-provider                     0         24m
aws-load-balancer-controller           0         50s
aws-node                               0         23m

If the aws-load-balancer-controller item is not on the output list, delete the ghost service account:

eksctl delete iamserviceaccount --cluster=$CLUSTER_NAME  --namespace=kube-system --name=aws-load-balancer-controller --region $REGION

The expected output should look like this:

2023-10-31 18:58:05 [ℹ]  1 iamserviceaccount (kube-system/aws-load-balancer-controller) was included (based on the include/exclude rules)
2023-10-31 18:58:06 [ℹ]  1 task: { 
    2 sequential sub-tasks: { 
        delete IAM role for serviceaccount "kube-system/aws-load-balancer-controller" [async],
        delete serviceaccount "kube-system/aws-load-balancer-controller",
    } }2023-10-31 18:58:06 [ℹ]  will delete stack "eksctl-vectice-cluster-addon-iamserviceaccount-kube-sy
And recreate it with the create command previously given.

Next, install the load balancer with Helm, then add the Helm repository to the repository list:

helm  --kube-context $CONTEXT repo add eks https://aws.github.io/eks-charts
helm --kube-context $CONTEXT repo update

Deploy the AWS helm chart on the cluster:

helm --kube-context $CONTEXT install aws-load-balancer-controller eks/aws-load-balancer-controller \
  -n kube-system \
  --set clusterName=$CLUSTER_NAME \
  --set serviceAccount.create=false \
  --set serviceAccount.name=aws-load-balancer-controller \
  --set region=$REGION \
  --set vpcId=$VPC_ID

Finally, verify that the controller is installed:

kubectl --context $CONTEXT get deployment -n kube-system aws-load-balancer-controller

The expected output should look like this:

NAME                           READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
aws-load-balancer-controller   2/2     2            2           84s

Step 3: Create PostgreSQL databases

Follow the instructions in Appendix 4 to create the databases on the RDS instance. This creates a temporary deployment, connecting to a Kubernetes pod with PSQL installed.

Run commands to create the databases “vectice” and “keycloak.” Once it’s done, the temporary deployment can be deleted.

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Step 4: Install the Cert Manager

Next, install the cert-manager and cert-manager-csi-driver applications on the cluster.

Cert-manager is used to implement SSL for internal communication between Vectice pods, Cert-manager-csi-driver will attach a csi volume containing the certificates to the Vectice pods

helm --kube-context $CONTEXT repo add jetstack https://charts.jetstack.io
helm --kube-context $CONTEXT repo update
helm --kube-context $CONTEXT install cert-manager jetstack/cert-manager -n cert-manager --create-namespace --set crds.enabled=true
helm --kube-context $CONTEXT install cert-manager-csi-driver jetstack/cert-manager-csi-driver --create-namespace -n cert-manager

Next, generate a custom Certificate Authority and create its associated secret:

openssl req -x509 -nodes -newkey rsa:4096 -days 3650 -keyout /tmp/ca.key -out /tmp/ca.crt -subj '/CN=vectice-internal-ca' -addext "keyUsage = keyCertSign"
kubectl --context $CONTEXT create secret tls vectice-internal-ca -n vectice --cert=/tmp/ca.crt --key=/tmp/ca.key

Step 5: Create Secrets for Ingress and Docker image retriever

First, create a self-signed certificate using the following command, replacing the item highlighted with your own Common Name (CN). Below are sample values:

CNVALUE=<vectice.my-company.com>
openssl req -x509 -nodes -newkey rsa:2048 -days 3650 -keyout /tmp/vectice-cert.key -out /tmp/vectice-cert.crt -subj "/CN=$CNVALUE"

Then, use the command below to install your certificates in the cluster:

kubectl --context $CONTEXT create secret tls vectice-private-https -n vectice --cert=/tmp/vectice-cert.crt --key=/tmp/vectice-cert.key

Next, import the certificate into Amazon Certificate Manager, and copy the Amazon Resource Name (ARN) to reference it later:

aws acm import-certificate --certificate fileb:///tmp/vectice-cert.crt  --private-key fileb:///tmp/vectice-cert.key --region $REGION

The expected output should look like this:

CertificateArn: arn:aws:acm:us-west-1:023286044634:certificate/599df091-8579-4bca-9388-f192341

To deploy the software, you can retrieve the necessary Docker images directly from the Vectice Registry. Alternatively, if you prefer, we can provide the images via an alternative delivery method that would be defined together. If your Kubernetes cluster is configured to pull images directly from the Vectice Registry, navigate to the location of the “vectice-image-puller.json” file. This is found in the package your Vectice account team provided you. Contact [e-mail] if you require assistance. Use this file to create the secret that will be used to pull the docker images from the Vectice GAR registry.

kubectl --context $CONTEXT create secret docker-registry vectice-gar-secrets -n vectice \
--docker-server=https://us-docker.pkg.dev \
--docker-username=_json_key \
--docker-password="$(cat vectice-image-puller.json)" \
--docker-email=$(cat vectice-image-puller.json | grep "client_email" | cut -d '"' -f 4)

Step 6: Install the Vectice Stack

From the package your account team provided, untar helm vectice chart and create myvalues.yml from values.yml file. Below, sample values are provided between brackets:

Please refer to the configuration page and comments inside the file myvalues.yaml to customize values.

VERSION=<241.1.0>
tar -xvf vectice-$VERSION.tgz
cd vectice-$VERSION
cp values.yaml myvalues.yaml

Next, fill in the values in myvalues.yaml according to your environment deployment, and deploy Vectice global objects using Helm:

cd ..
helm --kube-context $CONTEXT upgrade --install vectice vectice -f vectice/myvalues.yaml -n vectice --create-namespace --wait 

Once this is done, retrieve the Vectice ingress CNAME. Note: this might take up to 5 minutes to appear

kubectl --context $CONTEXT get ingress vectice -n vectice 

The expected output should look like this, below are example values:

NAME     CLASS HOSTS                    ADDRESS                          PORTS    AGE
vectice  alb   vectice.my-company.com   lb.us-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com   80, 443  1d

Finally, add the CNAME as a new entry in your DNS resolver.

Learn more about CNAME DNS records.

In this example, the CNAME record would look like below.

DOMAIN             RECORD TYPE     NAME        CONTENT
my-company.com     CNAME           vectice     lb.us-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com